Radiation therapy (RT) was first used to treat cancer over a century ago. Since then, enormous progress has been made to improve the effectiveness of this modality and minimise side effects. Increasingly, RT has been used with surgery and systemic therapies in combined modality approaches for a wide range of malignancies to maximise tumour control and quality of life while minimising toxicity and preserving the organs. The best outcomes are achieved when each patient is evaluated in a multidisciplinary setting and the team of clinicians, including surgeons, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and other specialists, jointly determine the best treatment.
